Frame Sums

Reference chart

Wall Stud Chart & Calculator

Studs, plates and sheathing for walls from 4 to 60 feet at 16 and 24 inches on centre, with two corners, one opening and 10% waste. The calculator below takes your corners, openings and wall height.

Studs and plates by wall length and spacing

Studs in run = ceil(L × 12 ÷ spacing) + 1; + 2 per corner + 4 per opening; × 1.1. Plates = 3 × L. Sheathing = L × 8 ÷ 32 sheets.
WallIn run @16″Buy @16″2 corners, 1 openingIn run @24″Buy @24″Plateslinear ft / 16-ft boardsSheathing4×8 sheets, 8 ft wall
4 ft41431312 / 11
8 ft71751524 / 22
10 ft91961630 / 23
12 ft102071736 / 33
16 ft132491948 / 34
20 ft1627112160 / 45
24 ft1930132472 / 56
28 ft2233152684 / 67
32 ft2537172896 / 68
36 ft28401930108 / 79
40 ft31432132120 / 810
48 ft37502537144 / 912
60 ft46603143180 / 1215

Your numbers

Studs to buy

27

16 in the run + 4 corners + 4 king/jack, +10%

Plates

4 × 16 ft

60 linear ft, 3 plates

Headers

1

size from the span table

Sheathing

5 sheets

4×8, one side

studs in the run = ceil(20 × 12 ÷ 16) + 1 = 16. Each corner adds 2, each opening adds a king and a jack per side. Cripples above and below openings come out of the waste allowance on small walls.

Questions

How many studs do I need for a wall?

Wall length in inches ÷ spacing, rounded up, plus one for the end. A 20-foot wall at 16 inches on centre is 240 ÷ 16 = 15, plus one, 16 studs in the run. Then add two per corner or intersection (a three-stud corner), a king and a jack each side of every door and window, and 10% for waste, culls and cripples: 27 for that wall with two corners and one opening.

16 or 24 inches on centre?

16 is standard for exterior and load-bearing walls with ½-inch sheathing and drywall; 24 is allowed for 2×6 walls in many cases and saves about a third of the studs, but needs ⅝-inch drywall or it waves. Both land on the 4-foot sheet module; 12-inch spacing is for tile walls, tall walls and some engineered layouts.

How many plates?

Three: a bottom plate and a doubled top plate, so three times the wall length in linear feet. Plates are usually 16-footers; the chart counts them. Pressure-treated for the bottom plate on concrete.

What length are studs?

Pre-cut 92⅝ inches for an 8-foot wall (three plates plus 92⅝ plus drywall makes the ceiling land at 8 feet 1 inch), 104⅝ for 9 feet, 116⅝ for 10. Buying pre-cuts avoids cutting every stud.

What about headers and cripples?

Every opening gets a header sized from the span table (a doubled 2×6 to about 4 feet, 2×8 to 5, 2×10 to 6, 2×12 to 8 feet for a single-storey bearing wall, roughly), plus jack studs under it and cripple studs above it and below the sill at the regular spacing. The calculator's 10% covers cripples on ordinary walls; add a stud per opening for big windows.

Charts are computed from the formulas and code figures stated on the page (International Residential Code limits where cited). They are planning and take-off numbers, not engineering: species, grade, span tables and local amendments govern anything structural. Confirm with your inspector before you cut.

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